Regulation of immune response genes in the skin of allergic and clinically tolerant individuals exposed to p-phenylenediamine
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Regulation of immune response genes in the skin of allergic and clinically tolerant individuals exposed to p-phenylenediamine. / Meisser, Sanne S.; Mitamura, Yasutaka; Altunbulakli, Can; Bandier, Josefine; Opstrup, Morten S.; Gadsbøll, Anne Sofie Ø.; Li, Manru; Tan, Ge; Akdis, Mubeccel; Akdis, Cezmi A.; Geisler, Carsten; Johansen, Jeanne D.; Bonefeld, Charlotte M.
In: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2024.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulation of immune response genes in the skin of allergic and clinically tolerant individuals exposed to p-phenylenediamine
AU - Meisser, Sanne S.
AU - Mitamura, Yasutaka
AU - Altunbulakli, Can
AU - Bandier, Josefine
AU - Opstrup, Morten S.
AU - Gadsbøll, Anne Sofie Ø.
AU - Li, Manru
AU - Tan, Ge
AU - Akdis, Mubeccel
AU - Akdis, Cezmi A.
AU - Geisler, Carsten
AU - Johansen, Jeanne D.
AU - Bonefeld, Charlotte M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background: p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a potent contact allergen found in many hair colour products. However, not all individuals develop allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) although they are regularly exposed to PPD. It is unclear whether these asymptomatic individuals are true non-responders to PPD or whether they mount a response to PPD without showing any symptoms. Methods: Skin biopsies were collected from 11 asymptomatic hairdressers regularly exposed to PPD and from 10 individuals with known ACD on day 4 after patch testing with 1% PPD in petrolatum and petrolatum exclusively as control. RNA sequencing and confocal microscopy were performed. Results: T cell activation, inflammation and apoptosis pathways were up-regulated by PPD in both asymptomatic and allergic individuals. Compared to asymptomatic individuals with a negative patch test, individuals with a strong reaction to PPD strongly up-regulated both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines genes. Interestingly, PPD treatment induced significant up-regulation of several genes for chemokines, classical type 2 dendritic cell markers and regulatory T cell markers in both asymptomatic and allergic individuals. In addition, apoptosis signalling pathway was activated in both non-responders and allergic individuals. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there are no true non-responders to PPD but that the immune response elicited by PPD differs between individuals and can lead to either tolerance, subclinical inflammation or allergy.
AB - Background: p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a potent contact allergen found in many hair colour products. However, not all individuals develop allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) although they are regularly exposed to PPD. It is unclear whether these asymptomatic individuals are true non-responders to PPD or whether they mount a response to PPD without showing any symptoms. Methods: Skin biopsies were collected from 11 asymptomatic hairdressers regularly exposed to PPD and from 10 individuals with known ACD on day 4 after patch testing with 1% PPD in petrolatum and petrolatum exclusively as control. RNA sequencing and confocal microscopy were performed. Results: T cell activation, inflammation and apoptosis pathways were up-regulated by PPD in both asymptomatic and allergic individuals. Compared to asymptomatic individuals with a negative patch test, individuals with a strong reaction to PPD strongly up-regulated both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines genes. Interestingly, PPD treatment induced significant up-regulation of several genes for chemokines, classical type 2 dendritic cell markers and regulatory T cell markers in both asymptomatic and allergic individuals. In addition, apoptosis signalling pathway was activated in both non-responders and allergic individuals. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there are no true non-responders to PPD but that the immune response elicited by PPD differs between individuals and can lead to either tolerance, subclinical inflammation or allergy.
KW - allergic contact dermatitis
KW - confocal microscopy
KW - immune response
KW - PPD
KW - RNA sequencing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183057013&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/all.16031
DO - 10.1111/all.16031
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38263750
AN - SCOPUS:85183057013
JO - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
SN - 0105-4538
ER -
ID: 381060958