Immune responses to hair dyes containing toluene-2,5-diamine
Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Standard
Immune responses to hair dyes containing toluene-2,5-diamine. / Schmidt, J D; Johansen, J D; Nielsen, M M; Zimersson, E; Svedman, C; Bruze, M; Engkilde, K; Poulsen, S S; Geisler, Carsten; Bonefeld, C M.
In: British Journal of Dermatology, Vol. 170, No. 2, 02.2014, p. 352-9.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Author
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Immune responses to hair dyes containing toluene-2,5-diamine
AU - Schmidt, J D
AU - Johansen, J D
AU - Nielsen, M M
AU - Zimersson, E
AU - Svedman, C
AU - Bruze, M
AU - Engkilde, K
AU - Poulsen, S S
AU - Geisler, Carsten
AU - Bonefeld, C M
N1 - © 2013 British Association of Dermatologists.
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - BACKGROUND: Toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD) is the most frequently used dye in oxidative hair dyes on the Scandinavian market. However, little is known about immune responses to PTD-containing oxidative hair dyes.OBJECTIVES: To study immune responses induced by PTD-containing hair dyes in mice.METHODS: Immune responses against two different permanent hair dye products containing 1·60% (w/w) and 0·48% (w/w) PTD within the colour gel, and various concentrations of pure PTD were studied. The local inflammatory response was measured by ear swelling and cell infiltration, and T- and B-cell infiltration and proliferation was determined in the draining lymph nodes.RESULTS: Concentration-dependent immune responses were seen to PTD both in the skin and draining lymph nodes. The hair dye containing 1·60% PTD induced strong local inflammation and caused T- and B-cell infiltration and proliferation as well as an increased number of regulatory T cells in the draining lymph nodes. In contrast, the hair dye containing 0·48% PTD induced skin inflammation but only minor responses in the draining lymph nodes.CONCLUSIONS: Consumer-available PTD-containing permanent hair dyes can be potent immune activators inducing both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. The outcome of the response is dependent on allergen dose, amount of additional allergens and exposure regime.
AB - BACKGROUND: Toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD) is the most frequently used dye in oxidative hair dyes on the Scandinavian market. However, little is known about immune responses to PTD-containing oxidative hair dyes.OBJECTIVES: To study immune responses induced by PTD-containing hair dyes in mice.METHODS: Immune responses against two different permanent hair dye products containing 1·60% (w/w) and 0·48% (w/w) PTD within the colour gel, and various concentrations of pure PTD were studied. The local inflammatory response was measured by ear swelling and cell infiltration, and T- and B-cell infiltration and proliferation was determined in the draining lymph nodes.RESULTS: Concentration-dependent immune responses were seen to PTD both in the skin and draining lymph nodes. The hair dye containing 1·60% PTD induced strong local inflammation and caused T- and B-cell infiltration and proliferation as well as an increased number of regulatory T cells in the draining lymph nodes. In contrast, the hair dye containing 0·48% PTD induced skin inflammation but only minor responses in the draining lymph nodes.CONCLUSIONS: Consumer-available PTD-containing permanent hair dyes can be potent immune activators inducing both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. The outcome of the response is dependent on allergen dose, amount of additional allergens and exposure regime.
KW - Animals
KW - B-Lymphocytes
KW - Female
KW - Hair Dyes
KW - Immunity, Cellular
KW - Inflammation
KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL
KW - Phenylenediamines
KW - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
U2 - 10.1111/bjd.12676
DO - 10.1111/bjd.12676
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 24124869
VL - 170
SP - 352
EP - 359
JO - British Journal of Dermatology
JF - British Journal of Dermatology
SN - 0007-0963
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 135491255